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Definition: Helsinki from Philip's Encyclopedia

(Helsingfors) Capital of Finland, in the S of the country, on the Gulf of Finland. Founded in 1550 by Gustavus I (Vasa), it became the capital in 1812. It has two universities (1849, 1908), a cathedral (1852), museums and art galleries. The commercial and administrative centre of the country, it is Finland's largest port. Industries: shipbuilding, engineering, food processing, ceramics, textiles. Pop. (2005) 937,000.

Helsinki

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(hĕl'sĭngkē), Swed. Helsingfors , city (1998 pop. 546,317), capital of Finland, located in Southern Finland prov., S Finland, on the Gulf of Finland. Situated on a peninsula, sheltered by islands, and protected by the island fortress of Suomenlinna, the city is a natural seaport (blocked by ice from January to May) and the commercial, administrative, and intellectual center of Finland. It has machine shops, shipyards, food-processing plants, textile mills, clothing and china factories, and printing plants. The city, founded (1550) by Gustavus I of Sweden, was devastated by a great fire in 1808; it was rebuilt as a well-planned, spacious metropolis. Helsinki grew rapidly after Alexander I of Russia moved (1812) the capital there from Turku. When the Univ. of Helsinki (founded 1640) was moved from Turku in 1828, Helsinki became the center of Finnish nationalism. The construction of the first Finnish railway (1860), connecting Helsinki and Hämeenlinna, led to renewed prosperity for the…
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Full text Article Helsinki

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(hĕl'sĭngkē), Swed. Helsingfors , city (1998 pop. 546,317), capital of Finland, located in Southern Finland prov., S Finland, on the Gulf of Finland. Situated on a peninsula, sheltered by islands, and protected by the island fortress of Suomenlinna, the city is a natural seaport (blocked by ice from…
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Full text Article Helsinki

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
City (pop., 2002 est.: city, 559,718; metro. area, 964,953), capital of Finland. Located in southern Finland on a peninsula with natural harbours, it is the country’s leading seaport. Often called the “white city of the north” because many of its buildings are made of a local light-coloured granite, …
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Full text Article Helsinki

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Capital and port of Finland; population (2003 est) 582,600, urban agglomeration 1,162,900. Sheltered by islands, the city is a natural seaport and is the commercial, administrative, and intellectual centre of Finland. Industries include shipbuilding, engineering, machinery, food processing, …
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Full text Article HELSINKI ACCORDS

From The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Military and Diplomatic History
The Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), more commonly known as the Helsinki Accords, was an international agreement signed by thirty-five North American and European leaders in Helsinki, Finland, on 1 August 1975. The agreement was the culmination of almost…
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Full text Article Helsinki Accords

From The Oxford Companion to International Relations
The Helsinki Accords of 1975 are a diplomatic agreement among thirty-five states that exerted significant influence on its communist signatories in the field of human rights. The Accords are an example of a continuing political process that generated important results despite different initial…
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Full text Article Helsinki Festival

From Cultural Studies: Holidays Around the World
The largest cultural event in the Nordic countries is the Helsinki Festival. It grew out of Sibelius Weeks, established in 1951 to honor Finland's most famous composer, Jean Sibelius (see also SIBELIUS FESTIVAL ) . But when the first official Helsinki Festival was held in 1967, it expanded its…
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Helsinki Station
Architect: Eliel Saarinen Completed: 1919 Location: Helsinki, Finland Style/Period: Romantic/Rationalist Wary travelers approach the ticket hall of Helsinki's grand railway terminal under the stern gaze of four stone sentries who stand with arms outstretched, clasping glowing orbs of light. These…
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Full text Article Helsinki accords

From Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy
Also known as: Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) 1975 The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) that took place from 1973 to 1975 served as a surrogate for a World War II peace treaty. Negotiations occurred in three stages. First, there was an opening meeting…
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Full text Article Helsinki Accords

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
International agreement signed in 1975, designed to reduce tension between the Soviet and Western blocs. It was an attempt to secure common acceptance of the post-World War II status quo in Europe, including the division of Germany. The accords, signed by all the countries of Europe (except Albania) …
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Full text Article Helsinki

From Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary
Seaport, ✽ of Finland, on Gulf of Finland on a peninsula surrounded by islands and protected by fortifications at Suomenlinna ( q.v. ); pop. (2003c) 559,330; chemicals, clothing, metal goods, foodstuffs; Univ. of Helsinki (transferred from Turku 1828), technical university (1849, university status…
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