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PIERO SRAFFA (1898—1983)

From Routledge Key Guides: Fifty Major Economists
Piero Sraffa (pronounced SRAH-fah) made two related contributions to economics. First, he pointed out that the marginalist theory of value was logically inconsistent. Second, he attempted to construct a superior value theory based upon the work of Ricardo and the notion of a surplus generated during the production process. Sraffa was born in Turin, Italy, in 1898. His father was a distinguished and wealthy lawyer who practiced law and also taught law at various Italian universities. As his father moved from one university to another, Sraffa moved from city to city and school to school. After graduating from secondary school, he enrolled in the law faculty at the University of Turin and studied political economy under Luigi Einaudi, a well-known specialist in public finance and later President of the Italian Republic. Following a brief stint in the Italian army, Sraffa completed his degree in 1920, writing his doctoral thesis under Einaudi on monetary inflation during the period 1914—20…
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Full text Article Sraffa, Piero, 1898-1983

From Routledge Dictionary of Economics
Born in Turin, the son of a law professor, and educated at Turin University. He was a professor at the Universities of Perugia and Cagliari from 1924 to 1926 before his long and influential Cambridge, UK, career successively at King's and Trinity Colleges from 1927 to his death. His move to…
| 185 words
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Full text Article Quantitative Economic Geography

From International Encyclopedia of Human Geography
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Quantitative economic geography has, at various times, taken one or more of three forms. First, dating back to the commercial geography of the 19th Century, is the collection and cataloging of numerical statistics about the geography of economic activities…
| 4,159 words
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Full text Article Subject classifications

From Routledge Dictionary of Economics
These classifications are as used in The Economic Journal (the journal of The Royal Economic Society) and the Journal of Economic Literature. A. General economics and teaching A1 General economics A2 Teaching of economics B. Methodology and history of economic thought B0 General B1 History of…
| 14,493 words
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Full text Article Frank Ramsey

From Great Thinkers A-Z
Frank Plumpton Ramsey was a big man - big in body, in intellect and in breadth of interests - but small in life span, dying at the age of 26. Despite his short life and the consequent small output of papers, Ramsey remains an influential figure. He left his mark not solely on philosophy (especially…
| 882 words
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Full text Article bastard Keynesianism

From Routledge Dictionary of Economics
This expression was invented by joan Robinson to describe the imposition of neoclassical thinking on the theories of Keynes . She complained that the concept of effective demand had been abandoned and that there was less concern for the meaning of capital than for its measurement. In particular, she…
| 142 words
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Full text Article Sraffa, Piero

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Italian-born economist, in the UK from 1927, a critic of neoclassical economics. In 1926 he suggested that, contrary to orthodox theory, firms could influence the price of a product even if there were a large number of firms competing against each other. He also pointed out the difficulties of…
| 101 words
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Full text Article Cambridge School

From Routledge Dictionary of Economics
Successive generations of economists at Cambridge University, particularly after the establishment of the separate Economics Tripos in 1903. The school was founded by Marshall and was made famous in the 1930s by keynes , its intellectual leader. After 1945 its prominent leaders included kaldor , …
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Full text Article Say, Jean Baptiste

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
French political economist. Say is famous today as the originator of Say's Law , which English economist John Maynard Keynes in General Theory (1936) pinpointed as the source of all later thinking. This law asserts that the automatic tendency of competitive markets is to achieve full employment. But…
| 290 words
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Full text Article Samuelson, Paul (1915–2009),

From The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Business, Labor, and Economic History
leading American liberal economist of the second half of the twentieth century. Born in Gary, Indiana, Paul Anthony Samuelson was associated with radical economics but remained solidly within the orthodox economics that he learned as an undergraduate at the University of Chicago. Samuelson had…
| 454 words
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Full text Article Marshall, Alfred

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
1842–1924, English economist. At Cambridge, where he taught from 1885 to 1908, he exerted great influence on the development of economic thought of the time; one of his students was John Maynard Keynes . He systematized the classical economic theories and made new analyses in the same manner, thus…
| 149 words
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