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Definition: Chickamauga, Battle of (18 September 1863) from Andromeda Encyclopedic Dictionary of World History

Battle of the American Civil War at Chickamauga Creek in northwestern Georgia during the Chattanooga campaign. The army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg, pursued by Unionists under General William Starke Rosencrans, unexpectedly turned and defeated the North. The Unionists were forced back to Chattanooga and Rosencrans was relieved of his command.


Chickamauga, Battle of

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
In the American Civil War, Confederate victory over Union forces under General William Rosecrans 19–20 September 1863 at Chickamauga Creek, north Georgia. Rosecrans had driven the Confederates under General Braxton Bragg out of mid-Tennessee, forcing him to abandon Chattanooga and withdraw into northern Georgia where he gathered his army around Lafayette and waited for reinforcements from Virginia. Rosecrans mistakenly thought the Confederates were in a disorganized retreat and advanced. He soon discovered his error and hurriedly prepared a defensive position behind Chickamauga Creek, about 24 km/15 mi south of Chattanooga. The Confederates attacked the Union flanks 19 September, and on the following day the battle became general. Part of the Union army was routed, but General George Thomas rallied the troops and conducted a firm defence for six hours, beating off several attacks before retiring in good order to Chattanooga. The Confederates besieged the town which was eventually…
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Full text Article Helm, Benjamin Hardin (“Ben”)

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
(June 2, 1831, Bardstown, KY–September 20, 1863, Chickamauga, GA; ACS). This 1851 USMA graduate resigned a year later to study law and become an attorney. Helm served in the Kentucky legislature from 1855 to 1856 and was commonwealth attorney from 1856 to 1858. In 1856, he married Emily Todd, half…
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Full text Article Polk, Leonidas

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
Leonidas Polk (LC)
(April 10, 1806, Raleigh, NC–June 14, 1864, Pine Mountain, GA; ACS). Polk graduated from the USMA in 1826 but resigned to be ordained an Episcopal priest in 1831. Settling with his family in Maury County, TN, he and his four brothers built an enormous farm, operated with 215 slaves. Having served as…
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Full text Article Cobb, Robert H.

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
(May 1836, Caldwell County, KY–July 20, 1914, Wichita Falls, TX; ACS). Sometimes confused with his brother Robert Linah Cobb, this University of Virginia law school graduate practiced in Eddyville, KY, until after the Battle of Bull Run in July 1861. Having enlisted in a mounted infantry unit…
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Full text Article Walker, William Henry Talbot (“Shot Pouch”)

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
William Henry Talbot Walker (B&L, vol. 4)
(November 26, 1816, Augusta, GA–July 22, 1864, Atlanta, GA; ACS). Son of a U.S. senator, Walker was an 1836 USMA graduate. Wounded during the Seminole War (1837) and Mexican War (1847), the captain received his nickname for his multiple injuries. He was the USMA commandant of cadets from July 1854…
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Full text Article Wheeler, Joseph (“Fighting Joe”)

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
Joseph Wheeler (USAMHI)
(September 10, 1836, Augusta, GA–January 25, 1906, Brooklyn, NY; ACS). An 1859 USMA graduate, Wheeler was commissioned a brevet 2nd lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Dragoons. He attended the cavalry school at Carlisle, PA, in 1860 and, upon completion of the course, was sent to New Mexico Territory where…
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Full text Article Civil War, in U.S. history

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
in U.S. history, conflict (1861–65) between the Northern states (the Union) and the Southern states that seceded from the Union and formed the Confederacy . It is generally known in the South as the War between the States and is also called the War of the Rebellion (the official Union designation), …
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Full text Article Bibliography

From Civil War Biographies from the Western Waters: 956 Confederate and Union Naval and Military Personnel, Contractors, Politicians, Officials, Steamboat Pilots and Others
Information for the various biographical profiles presented comes from numerous sources, print and electronic. Although references are provided with every profile, some of the information was one-time-only use—for example, biographies given within a city history, a pension folder, an Internet site, …
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Full text Article Bibliography

From Women in the Workplace in America, 1900-2021
References Adams, Pat . “ Five Fast Facts about Engineer Edith Clarke .” US Department of Energy. March 10, 2015. https://www.energy.gov/articles/five-fast-facts-about-engineer-edith-clarke . Addison-Lavelle, Laurie . 2016. “ Millennial Women in Leadership: A New Generation of Women Still Facing…
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Full text Article Sheridan, Philip H(enry)

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
(born March 6, 1831, Albany, N.Y., U.S.—died Aug. 5, 1888, Nonquitt, Mass.) U.S. army officer. He graduated from West Point and served at frontier posts. In the American Civil War he led a Union division in Tennessee and helped win the Battle of Chattanooga with his cavalry charge up Missionary…
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Full text Article Fredericksburg, battle of

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
in the Civil War, fought Dec. 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Va. In Nov., 1862, the Union general Ambrose Burnside moved his three “grand divisions” under W. B. Franklin, E. V. Sumner, and Joseph Hooker to the north side of the Rappahannock River opposite Fredericksburg; his objective was Richmond. …
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