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Definition: Cree from Philip's Encyclopedia

People belonging to the Algonquin language family of Native Americans in Canada, who ranged from James Bay to the Saskatchewan River. Like the closely related Chippewa, the Cree served as guides and hunters for French and British fur traders. Many of the Plains Cree intermarried with the French. Today, there are c.130,000 Cree.


Cree

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Member of an American Indian people who inhabited the subarctic regions of Canada (northern Alberta and the Northwest Territories to Québec). They are divided into the Woodland Cree and the buffalo-hunting Plains Cree, who migrated to Montana, in the late 18th century. Their language belongs to the Algonquian family. Primarily hunters, they became involved in supplying the fur trade from the 17th century, and also acted as guides, greatly expanding their territory. Belief in the spirits of game animals pervaded Cree religion and culture. The Cree number about 2,500 (2000) in the USA and 60,000 (1991) in Canada. The Woodland Cree lived primarily by hunting deer, moose, caribou, beaver, and hare, and gathering wild plants. They hunted with spears, and used birch-bark canoes for transport. Trade with the Chipewyan to the north and the Chippewa to the south was long established before they became trading partners of the French and English. They lived in tepees covered in skins, and the…
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Full text Article CREE

From Cassell's Peoples, Nations and Cultures Full text Article The Americas
An aboriginal nation of northern Canada residing in Quebec, Ontario, the prairie provinces, British Columbia and the Yukon Territory. Traders, hunters, gatherers and fishers, they speak an Algonquian language. Subsisting in both woodlands and plains environments, they became briefly wealthy through…
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Full text Article Cree

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
Native North Americans whose language belongs to the Algonquian branch of the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock (see Native American languages ). They formerly inhabited the area S of Hudson Bay and James Bay in what is now Quebec, Ontario, and Manitoba S of the Churchill River. Members of one…
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Current Locations: Alberta, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan (see also Cree entry in chapter 4 , Plains) Language Family: Algonquian The Cree are one of the largest tribal groupings in the subarctic. There are more than 250,000 Cree who occupy 159 Canadian First Nations…
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Full text Article Cree

From Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology: Health and Illness in the World's Cultures
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eeyou (singular); Eeyouch (plural); person, the people. The term Cree is only used when spoken in English and is not the term the people use for themselves. LOCATION AND LINGUISTIC AFFILIATION The entire population of Cree in Canada spreads from the province of Alberta to the…
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Full text Article Cree

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
One of the major Algonquian -speaking Indian peoples of Canada, living mainly in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The name is a truncated form of the name Kristineaux, the French traders’ version of the self-name of the James Bay band. The Cree formerly occupied an immense area from western Quebec to…
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Full text Article Cree

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Member of an American Indian people who inhabited the subarctic regions of Canada (northern Alberta and the Northwest Territories to Québec). They are divided into the Woodland Cree and the buffalo-hunting Plains Cree, who migrated to Montana, in the late 18th century. Their language belongs to the…
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Current Locations: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan; Montana, North Dakota (see also listing for Cree in Chapter 3 , Subarctic) Language Family: Algonquian The Cree are one of the largest tribal groupings in North America. They number more than a quarter of a million and occupy…
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Full text Article I.I.4 James Bay Cree

From The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers Full text Article I.I NORTH AMERICA
The James Bay Cree's determined non-violent struggles against Quebec's hydroelectric projects are widely known and have shown the international impact a hunting people can have. James Bay Cree representatives have also played a key role in the developing United Nations initiatives to recognize in…
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Current Locations: Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec Language Family: Algonquian The Severn area remains one of the most geographically isolated in the greater Hudson Bay area and subarctic. Many Oji-Cree communities there are accessible only by boat, float plane, or truck access across the ice in winter. …
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Full text Article Cree Walking-Out Ceremony

From Cultural Studies: Holidays Around the World
Among Cree Indians in Canada, it is customary for small children to be carried when they go outdoors until they are initiated through the Walking-Out Ceremony. The springtime ceremony provides an occasion for the first time a child walks on his or her own (or with a little adult help) outside, …
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