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disarmament

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Reduction, limitation, or abolition of a country's weapons of war. Most disarmament talks since World War II have been concerned with nuclear-arms verification and reduction, but biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction, and conventional weapons have also come under discussion at the United Nations and in other forums. Attempts to limit the arms race (initially between the USA and the USSR and since 1992 between the USA and Russia) have included the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) of the 1970s, the Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) of the 1980s–90s, the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT) of 2002, and the New START of 2010. These have led to a substantial reduction in the number of nuclear warheads held by the USA and Russia, the world's main nuclear powers. In 1987, the USA had a stockpile of more than 31,000 nuclear warheads. By 2012 this had fallen to 2,200, with further reductions required under New START, which limits the USA and Russia to 1,500…
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Full text Article disarmament

From Philip's Encyclopedia
Refers principally to attempts post-1918 (and especially post-1945) to reach international agreements to reduce armaments. The United Nations established the Atomic Energy Commission (1946), and the Commission for Conventional Armaments (1947). In 1952, these merged to form the Disarmament…
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Full text Article disarmament

From Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy
All disarmament proposals are based upon a single premise: Weapons are the primary cause of war. Thus, they share a single concern: Remove these weapons. Disarmament is significant because, along with arms control, it represents one way of pursuing national security without relying upon the…
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Full text Article Disarmament

From The Oxford Companion to International Relations
An ancient ideal, disarmament—properly understood—is the near elimination of arms and military forces by one or more states, as opposed to arms control, in which weapons and forces continue to exist but are subjected to restraints on their number, nature, or use. What is referred to as partial or…
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Full text Article disarmament

From Palgrave Macmillan Dictionary of Political Thought
The renunciation of military means, either by agreement with a potential aggressor, or independently ( unilateral disarmament ). Proposals for general (= applying to all states) and comprehensive (= applying to all weapons and forces) disarmament have been repeatedly made and discussed, for example…
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Full text Article disarmament

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Reduction, limitation, or abolition of a country's weapons of war. Most disarmament talks since World War II have been concerned with nuclear-arms verification and reduction, but biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction, and conventional weapons have also come under discussion at the…
| 1,205 words
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Full text Article disarmament

From Chambers Dictionary of World History
Arms control that seeks to promote international security by a reduction in armed forces and/or weapons. The levels are set by agreement, and then opened up for inspection and enforcement by the other side or an independent inspectorate. General (applying to all countries) and comprehensive…
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Full text Article disarmament, nuclear

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
the reduction and limitation of the various nuclear weapons in the military forces of the world's nations. The atomic bombs dropped (1945) on Japan by the United States in World War II demonstrated the overwhelming destructive potential of nuclear weapons and the threat to humanity posed by the…
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Full text Article Disarmament Conference

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
1932–37, meeting for the discussion of general disarmament. The first systematic efforts to limit armaments on an international scale, in either a quantitative or a qualitative sense, occurred at the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907. Although those efforts were unsuccessful, the Allied Powers…
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During and after the cold war, the United States and the Soviet Union conducted a series of talks and signed several treaties dealing with arms control and nuclear disarmament. Arms control entails the limitation of nuclear weapons or delivery systems, while nuclear disarmament indicates the actual…
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The arms control and disarmament movement is a product of philanthropy. The earliest influential donor was Andrew Carnegie, an internationalist and pacifist who felt sure that war could be banished through stronger international laws and group efforts for peace. (See 1910 entry about the Carnegie…
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