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Definition: fluorine from Dictionary of Energy

Chemistry. a nonmetallic element having the symbol F, the atomic number 9, an atomic weight of 18.998, a melting point of -219°C, and a boiling point of -188°C; a member of the halogen family, the most electronegative element and the strongest oxidizing agent. Used in the enrichment of uranium and manufacture of refrigerants and plastics.

fluorine

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(flō'Әrēn, –rĭn), gaseous chemical element; symbol F; at. no. 9; at. wt. 18.9984; m.p. −219.6 degrees Celsius; b.p. −188.14 degrees Celsius; density 1.696 grams per liter at STP; valence −1. Fluorine is a yellowish, poisonous, highly corrosive gas. It is the most chemically active nonmetallic element and is the most electronegative of all the elements. It is a member of Group 17 (the halogens ) of the periodic table . Fluorine readily displaces the other halogens from their salts. It combines spontaneously with most other elements—exceptions are chlorine, nitrogen, oxygen, and the so-called inert gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon), but it even combines with most of these when heated. Fluorine reacts with most inorganic and organic compounds. With hydrogen it forms hydrogen fluoride gas, whose water solution is called hydrofluoric acid. Because of its extreme reactivity, fluorine does not occur uncombined in nature. Fluorine gas is produced commercially by…
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Full text Article fluorine

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(flō'Әrēn, –rĭn), gaseous chemical element; symbol F; at. no. 9; at. wt. 18.9984; m.p. −219.6 degrees Celsius; b.p. −188.14 degrees Celsius; density 1.696 grams per liter at STP; valence −1. Fluorine is a yellowish, poisonous, highly corrosive gas. It is the most chemically active nonmetallic…
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Full text Article fluorine

From The Penguin Dictionary of Science
Symbol F. The element with atomic number 9 and relative atomic mass 19.00, which is the ➤ halogen with the lowest atomic number. As with the other halogens it exists as a diatomic molecule, F 2 . The element itself, a nearly colourless gas first isolated using electrolysis by Henri Moissan in 1886, …
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Full text Article fluorine

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Nonmetallic chemical element , chemical symbol F, atomic number 9. The lightest halogen , it is the most reactive element, forming compounds with all others except helium, neon, and argon (the lighter noble gas es). Its only valence is 1, in F 2 (the diatomic molecule) and fluorides. A toxic, pale…
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Full text Article Fluorine

From Black's Medical Dictionary, 43rd Edition
One of the halogen series of elements. In the form of fluoride, it is a constituent of bone and teeth. Supplementing the daily intake of fluorine lessens the incidence of dental caries (see TEETH, DISORDERS OF ). In America and in Britain, evidence indicates that people who, throughout their lives, …
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Full text Article fluorine

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Pale yellow, gaseous, non-metallic element, atomic number 9, relative atomic mass 19. It is the first member of the halogen group of elements, and is pungent, poisonous, and highly reactive, uniting directly with nearly all the elements. It occurs naturally as the minerals fluorite (CaF 2 ) and…
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Full text Article fluorine

From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary
CAS: 7782-41-4. F. Nonmetallic halogen element in group 17 of the periodic table. An 9, aw 18.99840, valence of 1, no other stable isotopes, the most electronegative element and most powerful oxidizing agent known. Pale-yellow diatomic gas or liquid; pungent odor. Bp −188C, fp −219C, d (gas) 1.695…
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Full text Article Fluorine: Human Health Risks

From Encyclopedia of Environmental Health
Severe dental fluorosis caused by intake...
Fluorine (fluoride) is beneficial to human health in low concentration but is toxic in excess. One of the main exposure routes is via drinking water. It is unproven whether fluoride is essential for health, but numerous studies have demonstrated that low concentrations in drinking water (0–0.5 mg L…
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Full text Article fluorination

From The American Heritage(R) Dictionary of the English Language
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Full text Article fluorination

From Science Encyclopedia: Encyclopedia of Chemistry
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Full text Article Fluorine

From Black's Veterinary Dictionary
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