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forestry

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
the management of forest lands for wood , water, wildlife, forage, and recreation. Because the major economic importance of the forest lies in wood and wood products, forestry has been chiefly concerned with timber management, especially reforestation, maintenance of the extant forest stands at prime condition, and fire control. Silviculture is the name usually given to this manipulation of the forest for human purposes. It is the chief goal of forestry to devise methods for felling trees that provide for the growth of a new forest crop and to ensure that adequate seed of desirable species is shed onto the ground and that conditions are optimal for seed germination and the survival of saplings. The basic rule of timber management is sustained yield; that is, to cut each year a volume of timber no greater than the volume of wood that grew during that year on standing trees. Desirable timber species are usually those of the native climax vegetation (see ecology ) that can perpetuate…
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Full text Article forestry

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
the management of forest lands for wood , water, wildlife, forage, and recreation. Because the major economic importance of the forest lies in wood and wood products, forestry has been chiefly concerned with timber management, especially reforestation, maintenance of the extant forest stands at…
| 987 words
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Full text Article forestry

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Management of forested land ( see forest ), together with associated waters and wasteland, primarily for harvesting timber but also for conservation and recreation purposes. The science of forestry is built around the principle of multiple-use land management, though the harvesting and replanting of…
| 168 words
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Full text Article forestry

From Environmental History and Global Change: A Dictionary of Environmental History
The management of woodland by letting trees grow to maturity, clear felling them then replanting in contrast to woodmanship. Tree planting can stabilize soils, increasing interception and reducing runoff and erosion. This can reduce the speed and severity of flooding. Planting of conifers can…
| 370 words
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Full text Article FORESTRY

From The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
Woodlands occupy some 250,000 ha - 12% of the land area of Wales - mainly as a result of an enormous state-sponsored programme of afforestation during the 20th century ( see Forestry Commission ), which more than trebled the wooded area of Wales in little more than 60 years, despite the depredations…
| 810 words
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Full text Article FORESTRY (WOMEN IN)

From The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World
Despite clear efforts to recruit women into the forestry industry across the world, women continue to represent a minority of foresters. This perpetual lack of women in the field is attributed to forestry's male-dominated culture. The forestry industry includes roundwood production (i.e., wood…
| 939 words
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Full text Article forestry

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Science of forest management. Recommended forestry practice aims at multipurpose crops, allowing the preservation of varied plant and animal species as well as human uses (lumbering, recreation). Forestry has often been confined to the planting of a single species, such as a rapid-growing conifer…
| 137 words
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Full text Article Forests and Forestry

From The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Business, Labor, and Economic History
In 1873, as the clearing of forests for agriculture, lumber, and fuel wood threatened the nation's future timber supply, the American Association for the Advancement of Science petitioned Congress and state legislatures to recognize the importance of timber cultivation and forest preservation. The…
| 403 words
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Full text Article FORESTRY COMMISSION, The

From The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
Established in 1919, the Commission’s aim was to reduce Britain ’s dependence upon timber imports, dependence which had caused problems during the First World War , in particular because cordite - an essential component of explosives - was made from wood alcohol. By 1939, the Commission had acquired…
| 279 words
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Full text Article Forestry Commission

From Environmental History and Global Change: A Dictionary of Environmental History
British state forestry organization, established in 1919 as a result of a timber shortage during WW1. The Commission began a programme of large-scale purchase of poor-quality upland and moorland. Some of it was already forested; much of the rest was rapidly planted with quick-growing nonnative…
| 391 words
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Key terms: Forest Authority; felling licence; Tree Preservation Order ( TPO ); Conservation Area ; Town and Country Planning Act 1990; Town and Country Planning (Trees) Regulations 1999 Trees, woodland areas and forests are of particular landscape and conservation importance both in the countryside…
| 1,152 words
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