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Definition: fraud from QFinance: The Ultimate Resource

dishonest methods used for personal benefit the use of dishonesty, deception, or false representation in order to gain a material advantage or to injure the interests of others. Types of fraud include false accounting, theft, third party or investment fraud, employee collusion, and computer fraud. See also corporate fraud

fraud

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
in law, willful misrepresentation intended to deprive another of some right. The offense, generally only a tort , may also constitute the crime of false pretenses. Frauds are either actual or constructive. An actual fraud requires that the act be motivated by the desire to deceive another to his harm, while a constructive fraud is a presumption of overreaching conduct that arises when a profit is made from a relation of trust (see fiduciary ). The courts have found it undesirable to make a rigid definition of the type of misrepresentation that amounts to actual fraud and have preferred to consider individually the factors in each case. The misrepresentation may be a positive lie, a failure to disclose information, or even a statement made in reckless disregard of possible inaccuracy. Actual fraud can never be the result of accident or negligence , because of the requirement that the act be intended to deceive. The question of commission may depend upon the competence and commercial…
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Full text Article Fraud

From World of Criminal Justice, Gale
The United States Supreme Court does not have a concise definition for fraud: “the law does not define fraud; it needs no definition; it is as old as falsehood and as versatile as human ingenuity.” In general, fraud is the deliberate misrepresentation of fact for the purpose of depriving someone…
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Full text Article Fraud

From The Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice
“Fraud” is a broad and generic term used to describe a multitude of distinct types of criminal activities. While definitions of fraud vary among states, criminal justice agencies, and private institutions, they all share four essential elements: (1) the intent to deceive; (2) a falsified statement…
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Full text Article fraud

From Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law
:any act, expression, omission, or concealment calculated to deceive another to his or her disadvantage; specif :a misrepresentation or concealment with reference to some fact material to a transaction that is made with knowledge of its falsity or in reckless disregard of its truth or falsity and…
| 571 words
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Full text Article Fraud

From The A to Z of Corporate Social Responsibility
→ Corruption , Forensic accounting Fraud can be defined as a deliberate act of deception with the intention of inducing another person to act in a way which enables the deceiver to gain unfair or unlawful gain. As a broad legal concept it is often used in conjunction with the term ‘misconduct’, …
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Full text Article fraud

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
in law, willful misrepresentation intended to deprive another of some right. The offense, generally only a tort , may also constitute the crime of false pretenses. Frauds are either actual or constructive. An actual fraud requires that the act be motivated by the desire to deceive another to his…
| 285 words
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Full text Article fraud

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
In law, an act of deception resulting in injury to another. To establish fraud it has to be demonstrated that (1) a false representation (for example, a factually untrue statement) has been made, with the intention that it should be acted upon; (2) the person making the representation knows it is…
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In like manner, Venice, having obtained possession of a great part of Italy, and the most of it not by war but by means of money and fraud, when occasion came for her to give proof of her strength, she lost everything in a single battle. Discourses on Livy, I. 6 When the citizens had become corrupt, …
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Full text Article election fraud

From Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections
Election fraud refers to a wide range of practices, but in general it is an attempt to affect the outcome of an election in a manner that violates the agreed-upon rules of fair elections. The spectrum of voter fraud runs from overly aggressive campaigning to attempts to change the outcome of an…
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Full text Article Identity Fraud

From Global Social Issues: An Encyclopedia
FBI officials in Los Angeles announce the arrest...
As use of the Internet has become commonplace, the need for secure online transactions is growing increasingly more important. While there has always been the risk that the person one was dealing with face-to-face was not who they claimed to be, this problem becomes significantly worse in online…
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Full text Article Mail Fraud

From World of Criminal Justice, Gale
Mail fraud is the federal crime (18 U.S.C.A. § 1341) of making false representations through the U.S. mail in order to obtain money or other economic benefits from another person. The mail fraud statute, which was passed in 1872, has remained a vital law due in part to the reliance of offenders on…
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