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human rights

From The Dictionary of Human Geography
A right is an entitlement that is usually encoded in a legal context (see law ). One can distinguish between human rights and citizenship rights. citizenship rights are guaranteed by governments for nationals of a particular territory , whereas human rights are thought to be geographically and politically universal. Hannah Arendt (1973) warned that human rights are the least desirable rights because they imply the absence of protection by a nation-state ; the rights of citizens are superior to human rights because they are both applicable and enforceable. Matters are not that simple, however, because rights may be, and in fact often are, legally suspended during a ‘state of emergency’ (see exception, space of ). The liberal model of rights is derived from seventeenth-century political thought that focuses on the rights accorded to individuals as well as the obligations that individuals owe society and the state (Kofman, 2003). Critics of liberalism question the scale at which rights…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict Full text Article Contents by Subject Area
Introduction Principal Human Rights Instruments Human Rights Machinery Human Rights and Violence Human Rights Issues Conclusion Further Reading Glossary Customary International Law Unwritten norms that are, by definition, binding on all states. Such a norm is... …
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Full text Article HUMAN RIGHTS

From Dictionary of Prisons and Punishment
The concept of human rights rests on the notion that people have universal rights which cannot be removed or interfered with by the state or other bodies. Although the view that certain rights are inalienable has existed for many centuries, most people now perceive human rights to be those contained…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From World of Criminal Justice, Gale
General Tihomir Blaskic, age 36, arriving at U.N....
Human rights, loosely defined, are considered to be the rights that all human beings have throughout their lives, regardless of the state or system they live under. The term, human rights, did not come into widespread usage until the twentieth century, and although the idea of human rights is…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From World of Sociology, Gale
The 1963 March on Washington united many...
Human rights are expectations that individuals may reasonably place on society to meet their basic needs. Human rights apply to everyone, regardless of citizenship or any other social status . Such rights are also conceived of as universal in terms of time and space, being the same for everyone…
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Full text Article human rights

From Philip's Encyclopedia
Entitlements that an individual may arguably possess by virtue of being human and in accordance with what is natural. The concept of the inalienable rights of the human being has traditionally been linked to the idea of natural law, on which commentaries were written by several Greek and Roman…
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Full text Article HUMAN RIGHTS

From Dictionary of Forensic Psychology
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that ‘Everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and…
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Full text Article human rights

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
universal rights held to belong to individuals by virtue of their being human, encompassing civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights and freedoms, and based on the notion of personal human dignity and worth. Conceptually derived from the theory of natural law and originating in…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From SAGE Key Concepts Series: Key Concepts in International Relations
CORE QUESTIONS ADDRESSED What are the rights owned by any individual human being? How are these rights guaranteed? What role do human rights play in international relations? DEFINITIONS A traditional liberal definition sees human rights as rights that apply to all human beings independent of their…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From The SAGE Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood Studies
Human rights are commonly defined as a particular set of fundamental rights possessed by every individual based on his or her humanity. Children are of course human beings too and, therefore, also have all human rights. Nonetheless, a specific subset of human rights for children has been identified…
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Full text Article Human Rights

From The Oxford Companion to International Relations
In 1942, anticipating the eventual victory of the Allies over the Axis powers, Winston Churchill remarked that World War II would end with the “enthronement of human rights.” Since the founding of the United Nations and the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, the security…
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