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minimalism

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Movement in abstract art and music towards extremely simplified composition. Minimal art developed in the USA in the 1950s in reaction to abstract expressionism , rejecting its emotive approach in favour of impersonality and elemental, usually geometric, shapes. It has found its fullest expression in sculpture, notably in the work of Carl Andre , who employs industrial materials in modular compositions. In music, from the 1960s and 1970s, it manifested itself in large-scale statements, usually tonal or even diatonic, and highly repetitive, based on a few ‘minimal’ musical ideas. Major minimalist composers are Steve Reich and Philip Glass . Minimalism inspired a wealth of writing on art theory, in particular popular aesthetics , and extended its influence into poetry and dance. Minimalism was the first significant art movement to have been established entirely by US-born artists. The term developed from a comment by US art critic Barbara Rose, who described the artworks as being pared…
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Full text Article MINIMALISM

From Key Ideas in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language
A cover term for ideas related to the Minimalist Program, an approach to the study of the human language faculty chiefly associated with Noam Chomsky. It is driven by a radical conceptual and technical parsimony and explores the possibility that the design of the human computational system for…
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Full text Article Minimalism

From Brewer's Dictionary of Modern Phrase and Fable
A trend in abstract art, and especially sculpture, of the 1960s, involving an emphasis on simple geometric shapes, the use of primary colours and a minimum of meaning, emotion or illusion. In the next decade minimalism emerged as an avantgarde movement in music, where it is characterized by the…
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Full text Article MINIMALISM

From The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
The principle of intentional reduction, whether formal or semantic, with respect to the size, scale, or range of a given poetic composition. The term may refer to poems that are very short and condensed, to poems that use short lines or abbreviated stanzas, or to poems that use a severely restricted…
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Full text Article minimalism

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Movement in abstract art and music towards extremely simplified composition. Minimal art developed in the USA in the 1950s in reaction to abstract expressionism , rejecting its emotive approach in favour of impersonality and elemental, usually geometric, shapes. It has found its fullest expression…
| 325 words
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Full text Article minimalism

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
schools of contemporary art and music, with their origins in the 1960s, that have emphasized simplicity and objectivity. Reacting against the formal excesses and raw emotionalism of abstract expressionism , the practitioners of minimal art (also sometimes called ABC art) strove to focus attention on…
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Full text Article Minimalism

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Twentieth-century movements in art and music characterized by extreme simplicity of form and rejection of emotional content. In the visual arts, Minimalism originated in New York City in the 1950s as a form of abstract art and became a major trend in the 1960s and ’70s. The Minimalists believed that…
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Full text Article minimalism

From The New Penguin Dictionary of Music
Term normally applied not to music whose sounds really are minimal (with Cage's 4′ 33″ at the extreme) but rather to that based on the repetition in regular rhythm of chords or simple figures, as in the work of Reich, Riley and Glass. There are adumbrations of this in Satie and earlier Cage, and…
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Full text Article Minimalism

From A Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes
(c. 1965) The idea of doing more with less was so persuasive that, once the principle was articulated in the late 1960s (first by whom remains a question of dispute), it conquered not only the visual arts but also acoustic arts. The term particularly refers to work with an usually low degree of…
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Full text Article MINIMALISM

From The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the Language Sciences
Minimalism, extending earlier work in transformational grammar and generative grammar, conjectures that the computational system central to human language is a “perfect” solution to the task of relating sound and meaning. Recent research has investigated the complexities evident in earlier models…
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Full text Article minimal polynomial

From The Penguin Dictionary of Mathematics
For an element a of a ring R , its minimal polynomial over a field F contained in R is the monic polynomial m(x ) of least degree such that m(a) = 0. For example, the minimal polynomial of √ 2 over the rational numbers is x 2 - 2 . The minimal polynomial of a square matrix A is the polynomial of…
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