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Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844-1900)

From Encyclopedia of Time: Science, Philosophy, Theology, & Culture
Friedrich Nietzsche has emerged as perhaps the most influential thinker of the recent past. To a significant degree, this is due to the fact that he took time seriously in terms of both cosmology and ethics. Nietzsche offered a dynamic world-view that rejected the entrenched Aristotelian philosophy and Thomistic theology of Western civilization. His provocative writings contained scathing criticisms of modern European culture, particularly its religious beliefs and social morals (all decadent values, as he saw them). Nietzsche spent his formative years in Rocken and Naumburg, Germany, where he developed a lasting interest in music and literature. At universities, his academic concerns shifted from classical philology to ancient philosophy. He became fascinated with the early culture of Greece, especially the fundamental idea of Heraclitus, which maintained the cyclical flux of all reality. Furthermore, Nietzsche stressed the necessary value of feelings and emotions (over the use of…
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Full text Article NIETZSCHE, FRIEDRICH

From The Essentials of Philosophy and Ethics
NIETZSCHE, FRIEDRICH
Friedrich Nietzsche was born in the Prussian town of Rocken in a period of political and economic ferment. His central interests were the ‘death of God’ and, with it, he claimed, the ‘slave morality’ of Christianity with its elevation of self-sacrifice and pity over what he considered the true…
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Friedrich Nietzsche (Archive Photos, Inc.)
The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche foresaw a European collapse into nihilism. In works of powerful and beautiful prose and poetry he struggled to head off the catastrophe. Friedrich Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken, a village in Saxony where his father served as a Lutheran…
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Full text Article Nietzsche, Friedrich

From Collins Dictionary of Sociology
(1844-1900) German thinker of the late 19th century who expressed the sharpest and most alarming doubts about the rationalism, humanism and scientism which he proposed had become the ‘common sense’ of the West, about the ‘plausibility of the world’. This common sense, he suggested, meant a world of…
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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born in Rocken in Prussian Saxony. Nietzsche's father died in 1849, leaving the young Friedrich to be raised by his mother, aunts and older sister. In 1864, Nietzsche left for university in Bonn, and by 1869 was teaching classical philology at the University of Basle. …
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Full text Article Nietzsche, Friedrich

From Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology
Among philosophers, Nietzsche’s influence on twentieth and twenty-first century thought has probably been second to none. Born into a Lutheran parsonage in 1844, he developed into a brilliant classical philologist and was appointed to a professorship in the University of Basel in 1869. On account of…
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(1844-1900): German philosopher, poet, and cultural critic, also an occasional composer of some music for piano. His radical philosophical ideas, such as the death of god, the Übermensch , and the perspectival character of all knowledge, as well as his highly stylized literary mode of philosophical…
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German philologist, philosopher, and cultural critic, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) was, with Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud, one of the thinkers who had the most influence on twentieth-century literary and cultural theory. He challenged conventional beliefs about truth, morality, and…
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Full text Article Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm

From Palgrave Macmillan Dictionary of Political Thought
German philosopher, critic and iconoclast, who gave an impassioned defence of egoism , and who influenced some of the defenders of fascism, through his celebration of ancient values of strength, courage, pride and resolution. Nietzsche attacked first Christianity and all other forms of belief in a…
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German philosopher (1844–1900) whose writings marked an epistemic shift away from humanist assumptions; his works are often cited as fundamental to post-structuralist philosophy and theory. His discussions of “das Id” influenced Freud's concepts of the ego and the unconscious, and his use of the…
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Full text Article Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm

From The Edinburgh International Encyclopaedia of Psychoanalysis
Nietzsche, building on Schopenhauer, developed basic conceptual foundations for depth psychology and psychoanalysis. He was born on 15 October 1844 in Röcken, a village in Prussian Saxony, and grew up in Naumberg. Insanity overtook Nietzsche in January of 1889, probably due to his contraction of…
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