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Parthenon

From The Classical Tradition
Over the past two and a half millennia the Parthenon has been temple, church, mosque, ruin, reconstruction, and icon. Built as a temple to the goddess Athena between 447 and 432 bce , it was converted into a Christian church probably sometime in the 5th century ce and into a mosque, under the Ottoman rulers of Greece, in the mid-15th century. The essential form of the ancient building survived these conversions, as did most of the architectural sculpture. In fact, despite some intentional defacement by Christians and possibly Muslims, the reuse of the building was a crucial factor in its preservation. The main changes in the Parthenon's conversions were in its orientation (the principal entrance was moved to the west from the east) and its internal decoration. Numerous fragments of medieval marble fittings and inscriptions survive, Christian frescoes could still be made out in the 19th century, and tesserae from a Christian mosaic of the Virgin Mary could still be picked up on the…
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Full text Article Parthenon

From The Classical Tradition
Over the past two and a half millennia the Parthenon has been temple, church, mosque, ruin, reconstruction, and icon. Built as a temple to the goddess Athena between 447 and 432 bce , it was converted into a Christian church probably sometime in the 5th century ce and into a mosque, under the…
| 715 words
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Full text Article Parthenon

From Encyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World
A colonnade is a row of columns. In buildings of...
This temple is dedicated to the goddess Athena the Virgin ( Parthenos ), built atop the highest part of the Athenian Acropolis in 447–432 BCE . Still partly standing today, the Parthenon is considered the most glorious building of the ancient world—the epitome of the Doric order of architecture and…
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A colonnade is a row of columns. In buildings of...
The Parthenon was built in Athens, Greece, during the fifth century BCE to honor the city's patron deity, Athena. Following the Persian War, which ended in 487 BCE , Athens was at the height of its power. Under the leadership of Pericles, the Athenians used war monies to begin building the Parthenon…
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Full text Article Parthenon

From Key Buildings from Prehistory to the Present Full text Article Culture-defining monuments
Revered as one of the world's outstanding artistic accomplishments, the Parthenon is an international symbol of Greece. It was both an extravagance and a complex achievement that drew on the knowledge of earlier structures, but it is more refined and sophisticated than its predecessors. The…
| 655 words
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Full text Article Parthenon

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Parthenon, on the Acropolis, Athens, by Ictinus...
Chief temple of Athena on the Acropolis at Athens. Built 447–432 bc by Ictinus and Callicrates under Pericles, it is considered the culmination of the Doric order . Though the white marble temple has suffered damage over the centuries, including the loss of most of its sculpture, its basic structure…
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Full text Article Parthenon

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(pär'thӘnŏn) [Gr.,=the virgin's place], temple sacred to Athena, on the acropolis at Athens. Built under Pericles between 447 B.C. and 432 B.C. , it is the culminating masterpiece of Greek architecture. Ictinus and Callicrates were the architects and Phidias supervised the sculpture. The temple is…
| 492 words
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Full text Article Parthenon

From Architectural Excellence: 500 Iconic Buildings Full text Article Ancient World to 500 CE
Parthenon
Architects: Iktinos, Kallikrates, Pheidias Completed: c. 432 BCE Location: Acropolis, Athens, Greece Style/Period: Hellenistic The largely Doric-style Parthenon is the most dominant and significant building on the hilltop Acropolis, not least because it was dedicated to Athena, the goddess who gave…
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Full text Article Parthenon

From The American Heritage(R) Dictionary of the English Language
Parthenon Athens, Greece Getty Images GI Photo:...
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Full text Article Parthenon

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Parthenon
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Full text Article Parthenon

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
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