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printing

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
means of producing reproductions of written material or images in multiple copies. There are four traditional types of printing: relief printing (with which this article is mainly concerned), intaglio, lithography, and screen process printing. Relief printing encompasses type, stereotype, electrotype, and letterpress. Flexographic printing is a form of rotary letterpress printing using flexible rubber plates and rapid-drying inks. For an account of type design, see type ; typography . See also book ; bookbinding . Early History The story of the invention of printing and of its early days is told in the article type . In the 15th cent. the art spread, directly and indirectly, from Mainz to many parts of Europe. It was brought to England in 1476 by William Caxton; to the New World in 1539 by Juan Pablos, who set up his press in Mexico City. Mechanization The first papermaking machine producing a continuous roll of paper and capable of delivering sheets in specific sizes—the Fourdrinier…
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Full text Article printing

From Philip's Encyclopedia
Technique for multiple reproduction of images, such as text and pictures. In ancient China and Japan, carved wooden blocks were inked to print pictures. From the 10th century, the Chinese used separate pieces of type, so that each page could be printed from arrangements of standard characters. Metal…
| 213 words
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Full text Article printing

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
means of producing reproductions of written material or images in multiple copies. There are four traditional types of printing: relief printing (with which this article is mainly concerned), intaglio, lithography, and screen process printing. Relief printing encompasses type, stereotype, …
| 1,599 words
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Full text Article printing

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Reproduction of multiple copies of text or illustrative material on paper, as in books or newspapers, or on an increasing variety of materials; for example, on plastic containers or on fabrics. The first printing used woodblocks, followed by carved wood type or moulded metal type and hand-operated…
| 785 words
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Full text Article Printing

From Dictionary of Media and Communication Studies
John of Gutenberg (c.1400–68) introduced printing using movable type in 1450, though the Chinese had developed print technology centuries before. Printing made the mass production and dissemination of knowledge and information possible for the first time, and had a revolutionary impact on the…
| 372 words
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Printing
The earliest forms of printing – the making of a meaningful impression of something on a surface – included the use of seals and signet rings to transfer an image to a receptive material such as clay or hot wax. The first recorded printing of text, however, took place in China, where paper had been…
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Full text Article printing

From The New Penguin Dictionary of Music
Music could circulate in manuscript copies once there was adequate notation, and such copies were still being made for sale into the 19th century, long after the writing of literary texts by hand had ceased to be a commercial proposition. This delay in the completion of technological advance was due…
| 274 words
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Full text Article printing.

From The Oxford Companion to British History
with movable types, or letterpress, as opposed to printing using carved wooden blocks, was invented by Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz c. 1440, though there is evidence that a Dutchman, Coster of Harlem, made a similar breakthrough about the same time. One of Gutenberg's associates, Peter Schoffer, …
| 874 words
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Full text Article 3D printing

From Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology
3D printing, also called additive manufacturing, is a rapidly developing technology that promises to revolutionize the production of everything from airplane parts to medical implants. Essentially 3D printing is to solid objects what conventional printing is to text and images. Just as word…
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Full text Article Printing Press

From Encyclopedia of World Trade: From Ancient Times to the Present Full text Article A-Z Entries
A fifteenth-century invention using movable type and plates to print text and images on paper, allowing more uniform production of intellectual, technical, and artistic works. The advent of the printing press transformed the dissemination of information and created what some historians call a…
| 1,097 words
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Full text Article offset printing

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
In commercial printing , a widely used technique in which the inked image on a printing plate is imprinted on a rubber cylinder and then transferred (offset) to paper or other material. The rubber cylinder gives great flexibility, permitting printing on wood, cloth, metal, leather, and rough paper. …
| 193 words
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