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property

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
rights to the enjoyment of things of economic value, whether the enjoyment is exclusive or shared, present or prospective. The rightful possession of such rights is called ownership. Ownership necessarily is supported by correlative rights to exclude others from enjoyment. By extension of usage, the things in which one has property rights are called one's property; thus the person who holds title to a house, even though there is a mortgage outstanding, calls it his or her “property.” Modern Anglo-American property law provides at least potentially for the ownership of nearly all things that have or may have value. The terminology and much of the content of modern property law stem from its origins in feudalism . The fundamental division is into realty (or real estate or real property) and personalty (or personal property). (For rules affecting marital property, see husband and wife ; for certain special types of property, see copyright and patent .) Realty Realty is chiefly land and…
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Full text Article PROPERTY

From Dictionary of Prisons and Punishment
Prisoners may have items of personal property while in prison, although possession may be restricted for security and other reasons. Prisoners may retain personal property with them while in custody, although restrictions are placed upon the type and amount of property they are allowed to keep (HM…
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Full text Article property

From Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology
Property implies ownership, to which may be attached rights . In liberalism , property rights have a distinctive and foundational role. Distinctive because since John Locke (1632-1704) property rights have been attached, not just to possession of land and movable objects, but also to a human being's…
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Full text Article Property

From World of Sociology, Gale
Central to a capitalist society is property. Property involves socially determined rights over both animate (e.g., pets) and inanimate (e.g., cars) objects. Property can include a variety of things. Owning a home, land, stocks, and other assets (e.g., furniture, paintings, antiques, etc.) are all…
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Full text Article property

From The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology
This is usually conceived in sociology as a collection of rights over both inanimate (land, houses, etc.) and animate (animals, people) objects. These rights are socially determined and thus vary from society to society and within a particular society over time. Property rights imply social…
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From Political Philosophy A-Z
Property rights are the strongest rights that an individual can have over a thing (or, in the case of slavery, another person). These rights are an aggregate of several distinct sets of claim rights, correlative duties, privileges and immunities (see Hohfeld ). But the main ones are the rights to…
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Property and propriety [15] are doublets - that is to say, they have the same ancestor, but have diverged over the centuries. In this case the ancestor was Latin prōprietās ‘ownership’, a derivative of prōprius (from which English gets proper ). It passed into Old French as propriete , which…
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From Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Property was a key subject in the evolutionist arguments of several of the greatest pioneers of anthropology. For L.H. Morgan (1877: 6), ‘A critical knowledge of the evolution of the idea of property would embody, in some respects, the most remarkable portion of the mental history of mankind’. …
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From American Governance
Private property has long played a crucial role in governance in the United States. American thinking about property was heavily shaped by the English constitutional tradition. Respect for the property rights of individuals can be traced to the time-honored guarantees of Magna Carta (1215). The…
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From Encyclopedia of Ethics
Current philosophical discussions of property tend to focus on private property rights, construed as the RIGHTS of private ownership. The leading questions concern the concept of a property right, the general grounds for concluding that such rights are justifiable, and the reasons for thinking that…
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From Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World
The concept of property was a source of conflict in the pre-Islamic Middle East and has remained controversial after the rise of Islam. From the seventh century CE to the modern era, Islamic rulings, opinions, and institutions designed to broaden private ownership rights coexisted with policies that…
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