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Definition: Turkey from Collins English Dictionary

n

1 a republic in W Asia and SE Europe, between the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, and the Aegean: the centre of the Ottoman Empire; became a republic in 1923. The major Asian part, consisting mainly of an arid plateau, is separated from European Turkey by the Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, and Dardanelles. Languages: Turkish (official), Kurdish, and Arabic minority languages. Religion: Muslim majority. Currency: lira. Capital: Ankara. Pop: 80 694 485 (2013 est). Area: 780 576 sq km (301 380 sq miles)

Turkey

From Philip's Encyclopedia
The Republic of Turkey lies in two continents. The European section ( Thrace ) lies W of a waterway between the Black and Mediterranean seas - the Bosporus , the Sea of Marmara (Marmara Denizi) and a narrow strait called the Dardanelles . Most of the Asian part, Anatolia or Asia Minor , consists of plateaux and mountains. These rise to 5,165m [16,945ft] at Mount Ararat (Agri Dagi) near the border with Armenia. Earthquakes are common. Deciduous forests grow inland with conifers on the mountains. The plateau is mainly dry steppe. Climate Central Turkey has a dry climate, with hot, sunny summers and cold winters. The driest part of the central plateau lies S of Ankara , around Lake Tuz. W Turkey has a Mediterranean climate, while the Black Sea coast has cooler summers. History In ad 330 the Roman Empire moved its capital to Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople. Constantinople became the capital of the East Roman (or Byzantine ) Empire in 395. Seljuk Turks from central Asia invaded…
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Full text Article Turkey

From Encyclopedia of Intelligence & Counterintelligence
The first Turkish efforts to establish an intelligence organization began during the last years of the Ottoman Empire. In 1914, Teskilat-i Mahsusa (Special Organization) was established by Enver Pasha. In 1918, at the end of World War I, a new intelligence unit was formed under the name of Karakol…
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History Situated between Europe, Asia and the Middle East, Turkey has a cinematic tradition that reflects the dichotomy between the spiritual East and the materialistic West, in terms of both visual style and story content. Between 1965 and 1975, a handful of Turkish companies made popular films…
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Full text Article Turkey

From The Oxford Companion to International Relations
Turkey's location in the hub of the three of the most volatile regions of the world, and its control over the vital straits that join the Black Sea to the Aegean and Mediterranean seas, gives the country a major strategic significance. Its population (73.7 million) and size (301,380 sq. mi.; 780,575…
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Full text Article Turkey

From Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World
© OZAN KOSE/AFP/GETTY IMAGES Kurdish Protest in...
Turkey occupies a unique geographical position spanning two continents. The Asian part of Turkey—Anatolia—is a large landmass surrounded by water on the three sides: the Black Sea in the north, the Aegean Sea in the west, and the Mediterranean in the south. The much smaller European part—Eastern…
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Full text Article Turkey

From The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
A Turkish street vendor sells lollipops in the...
has been a melting pot of peoples and cultures for thousands of years, from the first farmers of the Neolithic Age to the Hittites, Lydians, and Byzantines. Turkish people from Iran and Central Asia arrived in large numbers after the Iranian Seljuks, a Turkish dynasty, spawned the Anatolian Seljuk…
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Full text Article Turkey

From Political Handbook of the World 2018-2019
Turkey
Republic of Turkey Political Status: Independent republic established in 1923; parliamentary democracy since 1946, save for military interregna from May 1960 to October 1961 and September 1980 to November 1983; present constitution approved by referendum of November 7, 1982. Area: 300,948 sq. mi. …
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From The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World
The Republic of Turkey is a Eurasian country established in 1923 as the successor state to the Ottoman Empire. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the country underwent a modernization and Westernization project with various social, legal, and political reforms. Women obtained the right…
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Full text Article TURKEY

From Gaither's Dictionary of Scientific Quotations
West Indian-born American ornithologist and artist The great size and beauty of the Wild Turkey, its value as a delicate and highly prized article of food, and the circumstance of its being the origin of the domestic race now generally dispersed over both continents, render it one of the most…
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From The Oxford Companion to Food
a country whose history is mirrored in its food. Applying the archaeological concept of strata to Turkish cuisine reveals fairly distinct stages of evolution, successively superimposed on each other. One can discern Far Eastern, C. Asian, Iranian, Anatolian, and Mediterranean layers, each of them…
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From Political Handbook of the World 2016-2017
TURKEY
Republic of Turkey Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Political Status: Independent republic established in 1923; parliamentary democracy since 1946, save for military interregna from May 1960 to October 1961 and September 1980 to November 1983; present constitution approved by referendum of November 7, 1982. …
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