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Vilnius

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(vĭl'nēʊs), Rus. Vilna , Pol. Wilno , city (1993 pop. 590,100), capital of Lithuania, on the Neris River. It is a rail and highway junction, a commercial and industrial city, and a center of education and the arts. Industries include machine building, computers, food processing, and the manufacture of consumer electrical goods. Vilnius was officially founded in 1323 when the Lithuanian prince Gediminas made it his capital and built his castle there. The city also became (1415) the metropolis of the Lithuanian Orthodox Eastern Church. The city declined after the merger of Lithuania and Poland, and its Lithuanian-Belarusian culture was replaced by Polish institutions. In the third partition of Poland (1795), Vilnius passed to Russia, where it became a provincial capital (1801–1815). Jewish learning flourished in Vilnius in the 18th and 19th cent., culminating in the Heskala (Enlightenment) movement. After World War I the city was disputed between Poland and the newly independent…
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Full text Article Vilnius

From Philip's Encyclopedia
Capital of Lithuania , on the River Nerisr. Founded in 1323 as the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the city declined after the union of Lithuania-Poland. Vilnius was captured by Russia in 1795. After World War 1, it was made capital of an independent Lithuania. In 1939, Soviet troops…
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Full text Article Vilnius

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
City (pop., 2004 est.: 553,038), capital of Lithuania. Founded in the 10th century, it became the capital of Lithuania in 1323. It was destroyed in 1377 by the Teutonic Knights but was rebuilt. Vilnius passed to Russia in 1795 and for several centuries was a noted European centre for Jewish…
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Full text Article Vilnius

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Capital of Lithuania, situated on the River Neris; population (2001) 542,300. Vilnius is an important railway crossroads and commercial centre. Its industries include electrical engineering, woodworking, and the manufacture of textiles, chemicals, and foodstuffs. From a small 10th-century…
| 243 words
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Full text Article Vilnius

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(vĭl'nēʊs), Rus. Vilna , Pol. Wilno , city (1993 pop. 590,100), capital of Lithuania, on the Neris River. It is a rail and highway junction, a commercial and industrial city, and a center of education and the arts. Industries include machine building, computers, food processing, and the manufacture…
| 419 words
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Full text Article Vilnius

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Sunshine(average hours per day) Temperatures Discomfort from heat and humidity Precipitation and humidity Wet days(more than 0.1 mm/0.004 in) Average daily Highest recorded Lowest recorded Relative humidity Average monthly precipitation minimum maximum 0730 1330 °C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F % mm in Jan 1…
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The historic centre comprises the areas of the...
Lithuania Criteria - Interchange of values; Significance in human history The Lithuanian capital Vilnius has had a profound influence on the cultural and architectural development of much of Eastern Europe. Despite invasions and partial destruction, it has preserved an impressive complex of Gothic, …
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Full text Article Vilnius dispute

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Conflict between Poland and Lithuania over possession of the city of Vilnius. After World War I, the new Lithuanian government established itself at Vilnius. It was forced out by Soviet forces in 1919, and the city was then occupied by Polish forces (1919) and again by the Soviets, which ceded it to…
| 124 words
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Full text Article Vilnius

From Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary
Commercial city, ✽ of Lithuania, 57 mi. (92 km.) ESE of Kaunas; pop. (2003p) 542,287; railroad junction; agricultural machinery, electrical equipment, foodstuffs, machine tools; seat of Roman Catholic and Orthodox archbishops; cathedral; numerous 17th cent. churches; ruins of castle; university…
| 146 words
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Full text Article Vilnius

From The American Heritage(R) Dictionary of the English Language
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Statue of Gedymin, Vilnius, Vilnius County, Lithuania
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