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Weimar

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(vī'mär), city (1994 pop. 58,807), E Thuringia , central Germany, on the Ilm River. It is an industrial, transportation, and cultural center. Manufactures include agricultural machinery, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and furniture. Known in the 10th cent., Weimar became important only in the 16th cent. when it was made the capital of the duchy (after 1815 the grand duchy) of Saxe-Weimar . It developed as a cultural center of international importance. Under Elector John Frederick I , the painter Lucas Cranach , the elder, worked there (16th cent.), and from 1708 to 1717 Johann Sebastian Bach was court organist and concertmaster at Weimar. Under Dowager Duchess Amalia (1739–1807) and her son, Charles Augustus (1775–1828), Weimar reached the peak of its fame as a cultural center. After the arrival (1775) of Goethe at the court, Weimar and Goethe became virtually synonymous. Goethe not only made Weimar the literary capital of Europe during his lifetime, but he also attracted such men as…
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Full text Article Weimar

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(vī'mär), city (1994 pop. 58,807), E Thuringia , central Germany, on the Ilm River. It is an industrial, transportation, and cultural center. Manufactures include agricultural machinery, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and furniture. Known in the 10th cent., Weimar became important only in the 16th…
| 425 words
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Full text Article Weimar

From Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary
City, Thuringia, E cen. Germany, 13 mi. (23 km.) E of Erfurt; pop. (2005e) 65,100; railroad junction; Goethe National Museum, composer Franz Liszt's house, archives containing writings of poets Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich von Schiller. First mentioned 975; chartered 1348; ✽ of duchy of…
| 163 words
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Full text Article Saxe-Weimar

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(săks-vī'mär), Ger. Sachsen-Weimar , former duchy, Thuringia, central Germany. The area passed in the division of 1485 to the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty and remained with that branch after the redivision of the Wettin lands in 1547, when Elector John Frederick I of Saxony was captured by…
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Full text Article Weimar Republic

From An Illustrated Dictionary of the Third Reich
The period in German history between 1919 and 1933 when the government was a democratic republic governed by a constitution that was laid out in the German city of Weimar. Technically, the Weimar Constitution lasted until 1945, when the German government was formally dissolved in the wake of World…
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1919–1933 The term most commonly used for the government of Germany from 1919 until 1933, named after the town in central Germany where its constitution was drafted, the Weimar Republic was Germany's first experiment with a liberal democratic government. Throughout its existence the Weimar Republic…
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Full text Article Classical Weimar

From The World's Heritage
Goethe’s House, a Baroque town house built in...
Germany Criteria - Testimony to cultural tradition; Heritage associated with events of universal Significance In the late-eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries the small Thuringian town of Weimar witnessed a remarkable cultural flowering. Enlightened ducal patronage attracted many of the leading…
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Full text Article Weimar Republic

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Constitutional republic in Germany from 1919 to 1933, which was crippled by the election of antidemocratic parties to the Reichstag (parliament), and then subverted by the Nazi leader Hitler after his appointment as chancellor in 1933. It took its name from the city where in February 1919 a…
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Full text Article Weimar

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
Town in the state of Thuringia, Germany, on the River Elm; population (2007 est) 64,500. Products include farm machinery and textiles. It was the capital of the grand duchy of Saxe-Weimar 1815–1918 and of Thuringia (1919–45). In 1919 the German National Assembly drew up the constitution of the new…
| 134 words
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Full text Article Weimar Court Theatre

From The Oxford Companion to Theatre and Performance
Under the direction of *Goethe from 1791 to 1817, the court theatre at Weimar became the model for German repertory theatres during the nineteenth century. Its repertoire balanced classics, modern dramas, and light entertainment, its *acting company developed an ensemble approach to performance, …
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Until the mid-1980s, historians customarily viewed the Weimar Republic as a chronic and crisis-ridden failure, the poster child of Germany's ‘deviation’ from the liberal democratic West. Since then, scholars have come to recognize Weimar's possibilities and contingencies, and not just its flaws. …
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