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Carboniferous period

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(kärbӘnĭf'ӘrӘs), fifth period of the Paleozoic era of geologic time (see Geologic Timescale , table), from 350 to 290 million years ago. The Carboniferous period was marked by vast, coal-forming swamps (see also bog ) and a succession of changes in the earth's surface that, continuing into the Permian period , ended the Paleozoic era. The Carboniferous is often split into two divisions, the Mississippian and the Pennsylvanian; in the United States the break in the geologic sequence is so sharp that each division is commonly considered an independent period. The Lower Carboniferous Period In the Lower Carboniferous, or Mississippian, period, the submersion—on several occasions—of the interior of North America under shallow seas resulted in the formation of limestone, shale, and sandstone. In the Appalachian region, especially in Pennsylvania, great deposits of sandstone and shale were laid down by the erosion products from the eastern coastal highlands. In the far west the Rocky Mt. …
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Full text Article Carboniferous period

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
(kärbӘnĭf'ӘrӘs), fifth period of the Paleozoic era of geologic time (see Geologic Timescale , table), from 350 to 290 million years ago. The Carboniferous period was marked by vast, coal-forming swamps (see also bog ) and a succession of changes in the earth's surface that, continuing into the…
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Full text Article Carboniferous Period

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
The stratigraphic chart of geologic time....
Interval of geologic time 358.9–298.9 million years ago, marked by great changes in world geography. All the landmasses drew closer together as a result of tectonic plate movements. The supercontinent Gondwana occupied much of the Southern Hemisphere. By the end of the period, present-day North…
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Full text Article Carboniferous period

From The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide
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Full text Article Carboniferous period ‡

From Cambridge Dictionary of Human Biology and Evolution
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Full text Article Carboniferous

From Encyclopedia of Evolution
The Carboniferous period (360 million to 290 million years ago) was the fifth period of the Paleozoic era. In North America, the earlier Mississippian time, with extensive marine limestone deposits, is distinguished from the later Pennsylvanian time, with extensive coal deposits derived from…
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Club mosses. Plants that have an evolutionary lineage extending back to the Devonian period. The progenitors of the Lycopodiophyta were almost certainly Zosterophyllophyta. Lycopodiophytes split very early on into two major groups. The first remained herbaceous, the second the lepidodendroids (or…
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Full text Article Coniferophyta (Pinopsida)

From Penguin Dictionary of Biology
The most widespread and numerous of the gymnosperms with about 50 genera and 650 species. Characterized by active cambial growth and simple leaves. Ovules and seeds are exposed; sperm non-flagellated. Conifers range from the giant redwood ( Sequoia sempivirens) , to the pines ( Pinus) , firs ( …
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(sĭjĭlâr'ēӘ), two principal genera of an extinct group of primitive vascular trees. They dominated the forests of the early Carboniferous period until the ferns gained ascendancy. Related to the club mosses , they are sometimes called giant club mosses. The spore-bearing leaves formed cones. The…
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Full text Article BRYMBO, Wrexham (1026 ha; 3482 inhabitants)

From The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
A community located north-west of Wrexham , Brymbo was industrialized from the 1790s onwards following John Wilkinson ’s establishment of the Brymbo Iron works. In 1885, the Brymbo Steel Company produced some of Britain ’s earliest steel manufactured by the open-hearth system. In October 1931, …
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Full text Article Permian Period

From Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Interval of geologic time, 298.9–252.2 million years ago. The last of the six periods of the Paleozoic Era , it follows the Carboniferous Period . During the Permian, the continents joined to form a single supercontinent, Pangea . Hot, dry conditions prevailed almost everywhere, and deserts were…
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